|
Father Bruno Hussar (5 May 1911 – 8 February 1996) was the founder of ''Neve Shalom'' / ''Wahat al-Salam'', which means "Oasis of Peace," an Arab/Jewish village dedicated to coexistence. Father Bruno derived the name from the book of Isaiah (32:18) ''"My people shall dwell in an Oasis of Peace"''. Born in Cairo, he converted to Roman Catholicism while studying engineering in France. He was a genuinely 'transnational transcultural and multilingual' individual.〔Grace Feuerverger, (''Oasis of Dreams: Teaching and Learning Peace in a Jewish-Palestinian Village in Israel,'' ) Routledge 2001 p.118.〕 Before he founded the village, Father Bruno established the ''House of Isaiah'' in Jerusalem, a Jewish-Catholic ecumenical study center. He came to Jerusalem to establish this institution in 1952. For many years, he was also a leader and priest for the ''Hebrew Christians'', a tiny congregation of Hebrew-speaking Catholic residents and Israeli Jewish converts to Catholicism. ==Early life and career== He was born, André, in Egypt in 1905, the son of a Hungarian father and a French mother, both assimilated Jews. On completing his secondary schooling at the Italian School in Cairo, he moved with his family to Paris where he studied engineering. During his university studies, he was drawn to studying the problem of the nature of evil, and the figure of Jesus, and converted to Christianity.〔Maria Chiara Rioli, ('A Christian Look at the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. Bruno Hussar and the Foundation of ‘Neve Shalom/Wahat Al-Salam’,' ) in ''Quest. Issues in Contemporary Jewish History,'' Journal of Fondazione CDEC", n.5 July 2013.〕 He received his French nationality in 1937.〔 The experience of World War II, awareness of anti-Judaic and anti-semitic prejudice within his own confession, deepened his reflections, stirring an interest in his Jewish converso origins,〔 and the desire to combine that heritage with his own adherence of the Catholic Church. This orientation was influenced notably through contacts with the philosemitic French-Catholic philosopher Jacques Maritain and his wife Raïssa. Refusing to disguise his Jewish origins, he was at risk in occupied France and had to flee the country. At war's end he studied philosophy in a Grenoble seminary and was ordained a Dominican priest on 16 July 1950, taking the name Bruno, after the founder of the Carthusian Order, Bruno of Cologne. He saw in the foundation of the state of Israel a step towards the fulfulment of a Christian salvific plan and was charged with establishing a Centre for the Study of Judaism in the Israeli sector of Jerusalem in 1953. He desired to establish a monastic brotherhood in Jerusalem as an anti-Torquemada symbol disavowing the persecutions of Jews which the Spanish inquisitor (who was himself a Dominican with Jewish ancestors)had undertaken.〔Pinchas E. Lapide, (''Hebrew in the Church: The Foundations of Jewish-Christian Dialogue,'' ) Williasm B. Eerdmans, 1984 p.118.〕 He encountered considerable difficulties with the Latin Catholic Hierarchy of the Holy Land, whose members were predominantly of Arab origin, and assisted in the establishment of the St. James Association to cater to the minority of Jewish Catholics, a year later, on the 14 December 1954, who were viewed with suspicion by Palestinian Catholics and marginalized by Israeli Jewish society.〔 At the same time he undertook pastoral care of the Jaffa Arab Catholic congregation, which deepened his awareness of the complexities of life for Arab population in Israel.〔 In 1959, together with Brothers Jacques Fontaine and Marcel-Jacques Dubois, he opened St.Isaiah House, the aim of which was to foster dialogue and prayer between Christians and Jews. He obtained secret permission from the Vatican to have a Jewish wedding celebrated before the Catholic wedding was performed in 1960.〔 He participated, with the support of Cardinal Bea in the work of the Second Vatican Council, where he helped draft the document, ''Decretum de Iudaeis'', which was to mark an important turning-point in Jewish-Catholic relations〔 He greeted the reunification of Jerusalem subsequent to Israel's victory in the Six Day War with joy, as a mark of eschatological significance and he became more markedly pro-Zionist, defining himself as a Christian, Jew and loyal citizen of the State of Israel.〔 Israel's annexation of East Jerusalem, together with its occupation of both the West Bank and Gaza spurred Hussar with a sense of urgency to develop a process of reconciliation that would unite Jews, Christians and Muslims. This vision, according to Chiara Rioli, is to be distinguished from that of most Christian Zionist evangelical advocates like John Hagee, in that the event is not understood to foreshadow the apocalyptic Second Coming of Christ.〔 He originally proposed setting up a new interfaith centre, an "oasis of peace" modelled on the kibbutz, on the slopes of Kiryat Ye'arim by Abu Ghosh, but decided to settle on larger grounds, some ten hectares, owned by the Trappist order of the Latrun Abbey, on no man's land according to the 1949 armistice lines, and equidistant from the three cities central to Judaism, Christianity and Islam, of Jerusalem, Tel Aviv and Ramallah, implying thereby the 'equal proximity to the three Abrahamic religions of the Holy Land.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bruno Hussar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|